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The full name of this holiday - the Day of the start of the national liberation struggle against British colonialists.
In 1571 Cyprus was conquered by the powerful Ottoman Empire. Then the island, staying in a serious economic decline, a «ready» to take anyone, just to get rid of the high taxes set by the Venetians.
But coming «saviors» Turkish Cypriots have fallen short of expectations. Until 1878 the island became a «his» in the hands of Ottoman. Cyprus began to increase anti-sentiment, began a movement for unification of the island with Greece. In the same year was awarded the contract, which will likely include collusion between Turkey and Great Britain on the defensive alliance against Russia and the «human gift» to Cyprus.
5 November 1914 Britain decided the fate of Cyprus unilaterally declared the annexation. After the war the island demanded from the British many times to attach it at least to Greece, but in May 1923, Britain formally declared Cyprus one of its colonies. According to Royal Decree on the island was proclaimed a new constitution.
1 April, 1955 started its activities «The National Organization of Cypriot Fighters for independence», headed by a retired Greek army officer G. Grivas. Cyprus «zahlebnulsya» rioters, antibritanskih speeches and military confrontations. Britain declared a state of emergency on the island.
It took several years to Cyprus, finally got autonomy. The ongoing struggle for freedom and independence to succeed only in 1959. In winter, it was concluded on February 19, the Zurich-London agreement between Britain, Turkey and Greece, in the presence of Greek and Turkish communities, which have been identified nation-state, and international status of Cyprus.
December 13, 1959 President of the new state as a result of the elections was elected to the famous Archbishop Makarios. 16 August 1960 the island of Cyprus was and suffer long-awaited autonomy and proclaimed an independent republic. «Inherit in» and in exchange for independence, Britain left the island two military bases: at Dhekelia and Akrotiri, which remain there in force so far.
Cyprus joined the Council of Europe, the Commonwealth and the Non-Aligned Movement. Full member of the UN Republic of Cyprus in September 1960 became the first.
As a result, the Zurich-London agreements Cyprus has imposed a new constitution, which has become «the apple of discord» between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots. Even after 14 years at his new misfortune befell the inhabitants. In the 1964th year on the island after the armed clashes entered the UN peacekeeping troops, the island is divided into two parts.
To feel what it means for both sides, it is worth saying that the border formed the Greek Cypriots called the «line of occupation of the island», while the Turkish Cypriots - «Green Line». Until now, the whole world can not solve the protracted «Cyprus problem».
